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Gold halide

 
"Gold halides" are compounds of gold with the halogens.

Monohalides
Gold(I) chlorideAuCl, gold(I) bromideAuBr, and gold(I) iodideAuI are all crystalline solids with a structure containing alternating linear chains: ..-X-Au-X-Au-X-Au-X-... The X-Au-X angle is 180°.

The monomeric AuF molecule has been detected in the gas phase.

Trihalides
The triiodide does not exist. Gold(III) chlorideAuCl3 readily forms out of the elements at temperatures below 254 °C. It is a volatile red solid. The volatile species is the dimer Au2Cl6.. Likewise, gold(III) bromideAuBr3 can be formed from the elements and exists primarily as the dimer Au2Br6.

Gold(III) fluoride, AuF3, has a unique polymeric helical structure, containing corner-sharing (AuF4) squares.

Pentahalides
Gold(V) fluoride, AuF5, is the only known example of gold in the +5 oxidation state. It most commonly occurs as the dimer Au2F10.

References




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